WhatsApp messages are increasingly used as digital evidence in legal proceedings. When a conversation is relevant to prove or challenge certain facts, its analysis should not be limited solely to what appears on the phone screen, but may require examination of the device and the data stored by the application in order to assess its origin, authenticity and integrity.
A paper printout, screenshot or exported conversation may be useful for displaying the messages, but they do not, on their own, contain all the information that may be available on the device and within the databases and files associated with WhatsApp. A forensic examination may require the extraction and preservation of this data in order to analyse the messages, participants, dates, attachments, identifiers and other available records together.
In this type of examination, it is important to maintain a cautious conclusion. A forensic analysis should not present the authenticity of a conversation as an absolute certainty, but rather assess the available evidence and determine whether or not technical indications of manipulation are observed.
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